12 2023 ANNUAL SECURITY REPORT • Destruction, Damage or Vandalism of Property. Willfully or maliciously destroying, damaging, defacing, or otherwise injuring real or personal property without the consent of the owner or the person having custody or control over it. Definition and Types of Bias Bias is defined as a preformed negative opinion or attitude toward a group of persons based on their race, gender, religion, disability, sexual orientation, gender identity, ethnicity or national origin. A hate or bias related crime is the commission of a criminal offense which was motivated by the offender’s bias, not a separate and distinct crime. For instance, an actor commits arson, which is a crime. If the facts of the case indicate that the offender was motivated to commit arson because of his/her bias against the victim’s race, gender, religion, disability, sexual orientation, gender identity, ethnicity, or national origin, the assault is then also classified as a hate/bias crime. As another example, if a Hate Crime occurs where there is an incident involving intimidation, the law requires that the statistic be reported as a hate crime even though there is no requirement to report the crime classification in any other area of this compliance document. • Race. A preformed negative attitude toward a group of persons who possess common physical characteristics (e.g., color of skin, eyes, and/or hair, facial features, etc.), genetically transmitted by descent and heredity which distinguish them as a distinct division of humankind (e.g., Asians, blacks, whites). • Gender. A preformed negative opinion or attitude toward a group of persons based on their actual or perceived gender (e.g., male or female). • Religion. A preformed negative opinion or attitude toward a group of persons who share the same religious beliefs regarding the origin and purpose of the universe and the existence or nonexistence of a supreme being (e.g., Catholics, Jews, Protestants, atheists). • Disability. A preformed negative opinion or attitude toward a group of persons based on their physical or mental impairments, whether such disability is temporary or permanent, congenital or acquired by heredity, accident, injury, advanced age or illness. • Sexual orientation. A preformed negative opinion or attitude toward a group of persons based on their actual or perceived sexual orientation (e.g., gay, lesbian, bisexual or heterosexuals). • Gender Identity. A preformed negative opinion or attitude toward a person or groups of persons based on their actual or perceived gender identity. (e.g., bias against transgender or gender non-conforming individuals). • Ethnicity. A preformed negative opinion or attitude toward a group of people whose members identify with each other, through a common heritage, often consisting of a common language, common culture (often including a shared religion) and/or ideology that stresses common ancestry. The concept of ethnicity differs from the closely related term race in that “race” refers to grouping based mostly upon biological criteria, while “ethnicity” also encompasses additional cultural factors. • National Origin. A preformed negative opinion or attitude toward a group of people based on their actual or perceived country of birth. VAWA OFFENSES The third category of crime statistics that KU discloses are those added to the Clery Act by the Violence Against Women Act (VAWA). These are Dating Violence, Domestic Violence, Sexual Assault and Stalking. Sexual assault is included by the FBI as a Criminal Offense and is discussed in the Criminal Offenses section earlier in this chapter. Domestic Violence, Dating Violence and Stalking are considered crimes for the purposes of Clery Act reporting. • Dating Violence means violence committed by a person 1) who is or has been in a social relationship of a romantic or intimate nature with the victim and 2) where the existence of such a relationship is based on the reporting Party’s
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